Perl - XMC1400 Breakout Bricklet¶

Gpio¶

Download (example_gpio.pl)

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#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use Tinkerforge::IPConnection;
use Tinkerforge::BrickletXMC1400Breakout;

use constant HOST => 'localhost';
use constant PORT => 4223;
use constant UID => 'XYZ'; # Change XYZ to the UID of your XMC1400 Breakout Bricklet

my $ipcon = Tinkerforge::IPConnection->new(); # Create IP connection
my $xb = Tinkerforge::BrickletXMC1400Breakout->new(&UID, $ipcon); # Create device object

$ipcon->connect(&HOST, &PORT); # Connect to brickd
# Don't use device before ipcon is connected

# Set Port 1, Pin 0 alternating high/low for 5 times with 1s delay
for (my $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
{
    sleep(1);
    $xb->set_gpio_config(1, 0, $xb->GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PUSH_PULL, 0, 0);
    sleep(1);
    $xb->set_gpio_config(1, 0, $xb->GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PUSH_PULL, 0, 1);
}

print "Press key to exit\n";
<STDIN>;
$ipcon->disconnect();

Basic Functions¶

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->new($uid, $ipcon)¶

Parameters:	$uid – Type: string $ipcon – Type: IPConnection
Returns:	$xmc1400_breakout – Type: BrickletXMC1400Breakout

Creates an object with the unique device ID $uid:

$xmc1400_breakout = BrickletXMC1400Breakout->new("YOUR_DEVICE_UID", $ipcon);

This object can then be used after the IP Connection is connected.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_gpio_config($port, $pin, $mode, $input_hysteresis, $output_level)¶

Parameters:	$port – Type: int, Range: [0 to 4] $pin – Type: int, Range: ? $mode – Type: int, Range: See constants $input_hysteresis – Type: int, Range: See constants $output_level – Type: bool
Returns:	undef

Example for a setter function. The values are the values that can be given to the XMC_GPIO_Init function. See communication.c in the firmware.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $mode:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_TRISTATE = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_PULL_DOWN = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_PULL_UP = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_SAMPLING = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_INVERTED_TRISTATE = 4
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_INVERTED_PULL_DOWN = 5
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_INVERTED_PULL_UP = 6
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_INPUT_INVERTED_SAMPLING = 7
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PUSH_PULL = 8
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OPEN_DRAIN = 9

For $input_hysteresis:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_INPUT_HYSTERESIS_STANDARD = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->GPIO_INPUT_HYSTERESIS_LARGE = 4

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_gpio_input($port, $pin)¶

Parameters:	$port – Type: int, Range: [0 to 4] $pin – Type: int, Range: ?
Returns:	$value – Type: bool

Example for a getter function. Returns the result of a XMC_GPIO_GetInput call for the given port/pin.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_adc_channel_config($channel, $enable)¶

Parameters:	$channel – Type: int, Range: [0 to 7] $enable – Type: bool
Returns:	undef

Enables a ADC channel for the ADC driver example (adc.c/adc.h).

There are 8 ADC channels and they correspond to the following pins:

• Channel 0: P2_6
• Channel 1: P2_8
• Channel 2: P2_9
• Channel 3: P2_10
• Channel 4: P2_11
• Channel 5: P2_0
• Channel 6: P2_1
• Channel 7: P2_2

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_adc_channel_config($channel)¶

Parameters:	$channel – Type: int, Range: [0 to 7]
Returns:	$enable – Type: bool

Returns the config for the given channel as set by set_adc_channel_config().

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_adc_channel_value($channel)¶

Parameters:	$channel – Type: int, Range: [0 to 7]
Returns:	$value – Type: int, Range: [0 to 212 - 1]

Returns the 12-bit value of the given ADC channel of the ADC driver example.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_adc_values()¶

Returns:	\@values – Type: [int, ...], Length: 8, Range: [0 to 212 - 1]

Returns the values for all 8 ADC channels of the adc driver example.

This example function also has a corresponding callback.

See set_adc_values_callback_configuration() and CALLBACK_ADC_VALUES callback.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_count()¶

Returns:	$count – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns the value of the example count (see example.c).

This example function uses the "add_callback_value_function"-helper in the generator. The getter as well as the callback and callback configuration functions are auto-generated for the API as well as the firmware.

If you want to get the value periodically, it is recommended to use the CALLBACK_COUNT callback. You can set the callback configuration with set_count_callback_configuration().

Advanced Functions¶

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_spitfp_error_count()¶

Return Array:	0: $error_count_ack_checksum – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] 1: $error_count_message_checksum – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] 2: $error_count_frame – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] 3: $error_count_overflow – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns the error count for the communication between Brick and Bricklet.

The errors are divided into

• ACK checksum errors,
• message checksum errors,
• framing errors and
• overflow errors.

The errors counts are for errors that occur on the Bricklet side. All Bricks have a similar function that returns the errors on the Brick side.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_status_led_config($config)¶

Parameters:	$config – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 3
Returns:	undef

Sets the status LED configuration. By default the LED shows communication traffic between Brick and Bricklet, it flickers once for every 10 received data packets.

You can also turn the LED permanently on/off or show a heartbeat.

If the Bricklet is in bootloader mode, the LED is will show heartbeat by default.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $config:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_OFF = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_ON = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_HEARTBEAT = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_STATUS = 3

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_status_led_config()¶

Returns:	$config – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 3

Returns the configuration as set by set_status_led_config()

The following constants are available for this function:

For $config:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_OFF = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_ON = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_HEARTBEAT = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_STATUS = 3

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_chip_temperature()¶

Returns:	$temperature – Type: int, Unit: 1 °C, Range: [-215 to 215 - 1]

Returns the temperature as measured inside the microcontroller. The value returned is not the ambient temperature!

The temperature is only proportional to the real temperature and it has bad accuracy. Practically it is only useful as an indicator for temperature changes.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->reset()¶

Returns:	undef

Calling this function will reset the Bricklet. All configurations will be lost.

After a reset you have to create new device objects, calling functions on the existing ones will result in undefined behavior!

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_identity()¶

Return Array:

0: $uid – Type: string, Length: up to 8 1: $connected_uid – Type: string, Length: up to 8 2: $position – Type: char, Range: ['a' to 'h', 'z'] 3: \@hardware_version – Type: [int, ...], Length: 3 0: $major – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 1: $minor – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 2: $revision – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 4: \@firmware_version – Type: [int, ...], Length: 3 0: $major – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 1: $minor – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 2: $revision – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 5: $device_identifier – Type: int, Range: [0 to 216 - 1]

Returns the UID, the UID where the Bricklet is connected to, the position, the hardware and firmware version as well as the device identifier.

The position can be 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g' or 'h' (Bricklet Port). A Bricklet connected to an Isolator Bricklet is always at position 'z'.

The device identifier numbers can be found here. There is also a constant for the device identifier of this Bricklet.

Callback Configuration Functions¶

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->register_callback($callback_id, $function)¶

Parameters:	$callback_id – Type: int $function – Type: string
Returns:	undef

Registers the given $function name with the given $callback_id.

The available callback IDs with corresponding function signatures are listed below.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_adc_values_callback_configuration($period, $value_has_to_change)¶

Parameters:	$period – Type: int, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 $value_has_to_change – Type: bool, Default: 0
Returns:	undef

The period is the period with which the CALLBACK_ADC_VALUES callback is triggered periodically. A value of 0 turns the callback off.

If the value has to change-parameter is set to true, the callback is only triggered after the value has changed. If the value didn't change within the period, the callback is triggered immediately on change.

If it is set to false, the callback is continuously triggered with the period, independent of the value.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_adc_values_callback_configuration()¶

Return Array:	0: $period – Type: int, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 1: $value_has_to_change – Type: bool, Default: 0

Returns the callback configuration as set by set_adc_values_callback_configuration().

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_count_callback_configuration($period, $value_has_to_change, $option, $min, $max)¶

Parameters:	$period – Type: int, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 $value_has_to_change – Type: bool, Default: 0 $option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' $min – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 $max – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0
Returns:	undef

The period is the period with which the CALLBACK_COUNT callback is triggered periodically. A value of 0 turns the callback off.

If the value has to change-parameter is set to true, the callback is only triggered after the value has changed. If the value didn't change within the period, the callback is triggered immediately on change.

If it is set to false, the callback is continuously triggered with the period, independent of the value.

It is furthermore possible to constrain the callback with thresholds.

The option-parameter together with min/max sets a threshold for the CALLBACK_COUNT callback.

The following options are possible:

Option	Description
'x'	Threshold is turned off
'o'	Threshold is triggered when the value is outside the min and max values
'i'	Threshold is triggered when the value is inside or equal to the min and max values
'<'	Threshold is triggered when the value is smaller than the min value (max is ignored)
'>'	Threshold is triggered when the value is greater than the min value (max is ignored)

If the option is set to 'x' (threshold turned off) the callback is triggered with the fixed period.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $option:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_count_callback_configuration()¶

Return Array:	0: $period – Type: int, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 1: $value_has_to_change – Type: bool, Default: 0 2: $option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' 3: $min – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0 4: $max – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1], Default: 0

Returns the callback configuration as set by set_count_callback_configuration().

The following constants are available for this function:

For $option:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

Callbacks¶

Callbacks can be registered to receive time critical or recurring data from the device. The registration is done with the register_callback() function of the device object. The first parameter is the callback ID and the second parameter the callback function name:

sub my_callback
{
    print "@_[0]";
}

$xmc1400_breakout->register_callback(BrickletXMC1400Breakout->CALLBACK_EXAMPLE, 'my_callback')

The callback function will be called from an internal thread of the IP Connection. In contrast to many other programming languages, variables are not automatically shared between threads in Perl. If you want to share a global variable between a callback function and the rest for your program it has to be marked as :shared. See the documentation of the threads::shared Perl module for more details.

The available constants with inherent number and type of parameters are described below.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->CALLBACK_ADC_VALUES¶

Callback Parameters:	\@values – Type: [int, ...], Length: 8, Range: [0 to 212 - 1]

This callback is triggered periodically according to the configuration set by set_adc_values_callback_configuration().

The parameters are the same as get_adc_values().

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->CALLBACK_COUNT¶

Callback Parameters:	$count – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

This callback is triggered periodically according to the configuration set by set_count_callback_configuration().

The parameter is the same as get_count().

Virtual Functions¶

Virtual functions don't communicate with the device itself, but operate only on the API bindings device object. They can be called without the corresponding IP Connection object being connected.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_api_version()¶

Return Array:	0: \@api_version – Type: [int, ...], Length: 3 0: $major – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 1: $minor – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] 2: $revision – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255]

Returns the version of the API definition implemented by this API bindings. This is neither the release version of this API bindings nor does it tell you anything about the represented Brick or Bricklet.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_response_expected($function_id)¶

Parameters:	$function_id – Type: int, Range: See constants
Returns:	$response_expected – Type: bool

Returns the response expected flag for the function specified by the function ID parameter. It is true if the function is expected to send a response, false otherwise.

For getter functions this is enabled by default and cannot be disabled, because those functions will always send a response. For callback configuration functions it is enabled by default too, but can be disabled by set_response_expected(). For setter functions it is disabled by default and can be enabled.

Enabling the response expected flag for a setter function allows to detect timeouts and other error conditions calls of this setter as well. The device will then send a response for this purpose. If this flag is disabled for a setter function then no response is sent and errors are silently ignored, because they cannot be detected.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $function_id:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_GPIO_CONFIG = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_ADC_CHANNEL_CONFIG = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_ADC_VALUES_CALLBACK_CONFIGURATION = 7
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_COUNT_CALLBACK_CONFIGURATION = 11
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_WRITE_FIRMWARE_POINTER = 237
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_STATUS_LED_CONFIG = 239
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_RESET = 243
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_WRITE_UID = 248

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_response_expected($function_id, $response_expected)¶

Parameters:	$function_id – Type: int, Range: See constants $response_expected – Type: bool
Returns:	undef

Changes the response expected flag of the function specified by the function ID parameter. This flag can only be changed for setter (default value: false) and callback configuration functions (default value: true). For getter functions it is always enabled.

Enabling the response expected flag for a setter function allows to detect timeouts and other error conditions calls of this setter as well. The device will then send a response for this purpose. If this flag is disabled for a setter function then no response is sent and errors are silently ignored, because they cannot be detected.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $function_id:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_GPIO_CONFIG = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_ADC_CHANNEL_CONFIG = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_ADC_VALUES_CALLBACK_CONFIGURATION = 7
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_COUNT_CALLBACK_CONFIGURATION = 11
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_WRITE_FIRMWARE_POINTER = 237
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_SET_STATUS_LED_CONFIG = 239
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_RESET = 243
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->FUNCTION_WRITE_UID = 248

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_response_expected_all($response_expected)¶

Parameters:	$response_expected – Type: bool
Returns:	undef

Changes the response expected flag for all setter and callback configuration functions of this device at once.

Internal Functions¶

Internal functions are used for maintenance tasks such as flashing a new firmware of changing the UID of a Bricklet. These task should be performed using Brick Viewer instead of using the internal functions directly.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_bootloader_mode($mode)¶

Parameters:	$mode – Type: int, Range: See constants
Returns:	$status – Type: int, Range: See constants

Sets the bootloader mode and returns the status after the requested mode change was instigated.

You can change from bootloader mode to firmware mode and vice versa. A change from bootloader mode to firmware mode will only take place if the entry function, device identifier and CRC are present and correct.

This function is used by Brick Viewer during flashing. It should not be necessary to call it in a normal user program.

The following constants are available for this function:

For $mode:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_BOOTLOADER = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_BOOTLOADER_WAIT_FOR_REBOOT = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE_WAIT_FOR_REBOOT = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE_WAIT_FOR_ERASE_AND_REBOOT = 4

For $status:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_OK = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_INVALID_MODE = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_NO_CHANGE = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_ENTRY_FUNCTION_NOT_PRESENT = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_INCORRECT = 4
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_STATUS_CRC_MISMATCH = 5

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->get_bootloader_mode()¶

Returns:	$mode – Type: int, Range: See constants

Returns the current bootloader mode, see set_bootloader_mode().

The following constants are available for this function:

For $mode:

• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_BOOTLOADER = 0
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE = 1
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_BOOTLOADER_WAIT_FOR_REBOOT = 2
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE_WAIT_FOR_REBOOT = 3
• BrickletXMC1400Breakout->BOOTLOADER_MODE_FIRMWARE_WAIT_FOR_ERASE_AND_REBOOT = 4

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->set_write_firmware_pointer($pointer)¶

Parameters:	$pointer – Type: int, Unit: 1 B, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]
Returns:	undef

Sets the firmware pointer for write_firmware(). The pointer has to be increased by chunks of size 64. The data is written to flash every 4 chunks (which equals to one page of size 256).

This function is used by Brick Viewer during flashing. It should not be necessary to call it in a normal user program.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->write_firmware(\@data)¶

Parameters:	\@data – Type: [int, ...], Length: 64, Range: [0 to 255]
Returns:	$status – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255]

Writes 64 Bytes of firmware at the position as written by set_write_firmware_pointer() before. The firmware is written to flash every 4 chunks.

You can only write firmware in bootloader mode.

This function is used by Brick Viewer during flashing. It should not be necessary to call it in a normal user program.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->write_uid($uid)¶

Parameters:	$uid – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]
Returns:	undef

Writes a new UID into flash. If you want to set a new UID you have to decode the Base58 encoded UID string into an integer first.

We recommend that you use Brick Viewer to change the UID.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->read_uid()¶

Returns:	$uid – Type: int, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns the current UID as an integer. Encode as Base58 to get the usual string version.

Constants¶

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->DEVICE_IDENTIFIER¶

This constant is used to identify a XMC1400 Breakout Bricklet.

The get_identity() function and the IPConnection->CALLBACK_ENUMERATE callback of the IP Connection have a device_identifier parameter to specify the Brick's or Bricklet's type.

BrickletXMC1400Breakout->DEVICE_DISPLAY_NAME¶

This constant represents the human readable name of a XMC1400 Breakout Bricklet.