openHAB - CAN Bricklet 2.0¶

Loopback¶

Download (ExampleLoopback.rules)

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// For this example configure your CAN Bricklet 2.0 to loopback mode in Paper UI.

import java.util.Arrays

val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_DATA = 0
val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_REMOTE = 1
val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_DATA = 2
val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_REMOTE = 3

rule "send"
when
    System started // Replace with trigger of your choice
then
    // Change XYZ to the UID of your CAN Bricklet
    val canActions = getActions("tinkerforge", "tinkerforge:brickletcanv2:XYZ")
    
    // Write standard data frame with identifier 1742 and 3 bytes of data
    canActions.brickletCANV2WriteFrame(FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_DATA, 1742, newArrayList(42, 23, 17))
end

rule "receive"
when
    // Change XYZ to the UID of your CAN Bricklet
    Channel "tinkerforge:brickletcanv2:XYZ:BrickletCANV2FrameReadable" triggered
then
    // Change XYZ to the UID of your CAN Bricklet
    val canActions = getActions("tinkerforge", "tinkerforge:brickletcanv2:XYZ")
    val frame = canActions.brickletCANV2ReadFrame()

    val success = frame.get("success") as boolean
    if (success) {
        val frameType = frame.get("frameType") as int

        if(frameType == FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_DATA) {
            logInfo("Example", "Frame Type: Standard Data")
        } else if(frameType == FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_REMOTE) {
            logInfo("Example", "Frame Type: Standard Remote")
        } else if(frameType == FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_DATA) {
            logInfo("Example", "Frame Type: Extended Data")
        } else if(frameType == FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_REMOTE) {
            logInfo("Example", "Frame Type: Extended Remote")
        }

        logInfo("Example", "Identifier: " + frame.get("identifier"))
        var data = frame.get("data") as int[]

        logInfo("Example", "Data: " + Arrays.toString(data))
    } else {
        logInfo("Example", "Failed to read frame")
    }
end

Basic Actions¶

brickletCANV2WriteFrame(int frameType, long identifier, int[] data)¶

Parameters:	frameType – Type: int, Range: See constants identifier – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1] data – Type: int[], Length: variable, Range: [0 to 255]
Return Map:	success – Type: boolean

Writes a data or remote frame to the write queue to be transmitted over the CAN transceiver.

The Bricklet supports the standard 11-bit (CAN 2.0A) and the additional extended 29-bit (CAN 2.0B) identifiers. For standard frames the Bricklet uses bit 0 to 10 from the identifier parameter as standard 11-bit identifier. For extended frames the Bricklet uses bit 0 to 28 from the identifier parameter as extended 29-bit identifier.

The data parameter can be up to 15 bytes long. For data frames up to 8 bytes will be used as the actual data. The length (DLC) field in the data or remote frame will be set to the actual length of the data parameter. This allows to transmit data and remote frames with excess length. For remote frames only the length of the data parameter is used. The actual data bytes are ignored.

Returns true if the frame was successfully added to the write queue. Returns false if the frame could not be added because write queue is already full or because the write buffer or the write backlog are configured with a size of zero (see SetQueueConfiguration()).

The write queue can overflow if frames are written to it at a higher rate than the Bricklet can transmitted them over the CAN transceiver. This may happen if the CAN transceiver is configured as read-only or is using a low baud rate (see the thing configuration). It can also happen if the CAN bus is congested and the frame cannot be transmitted because it constantly loses arbitration or because the CAN transceiver is currently disabled due to a high write error level (see GetErrorLog()).

The following constants are available for this function:

For frameType:

• val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_DATA = 0
• val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_REMOTE = 1
• val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_DATA = 2
• val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_REMOTE = 3

brickletCANV2ReadFrame()¶

Return Map:	success – Type: boolean frameType – Type: int, Range: See constants identifier – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1] data – Type: int[], Length: variable, Range: [0 to 255]

Tries to read the next data or remote frame from the read queue and returns it. If a frame was successfully read, then the success return value is set to true and the other return values contain the frame. If the read queue is empty and no frame could be read, then the success return value is set to false and the other return values contain invalid data.

The identifier return value follows the identifier format described for WriteFrame().

The data return value can be up to 15 bytes long. For data frames up to the first 8 bytes are the actual received data. All bytes after the 8th byte are always zero and only there to indicate the length of a data or remote frame with excess length. For remote frames the length of the data return value represents the requested length. The actual data bytes are always zero.

A configurable read filter can be used to define which frames should be received by the CAN transceiver and put into the read queue (see SetReadFilterConfiguration()).

The following constants are available for this function:

For frameType:

• val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_DATA = 0
• val FRAME_TYPE_STANDARD_REMOTE = 1
• val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_DATA = 2
• val FRAME_TYPE_EXTENDED_REMOTE = 3

brickletCANV2GetTransceiverConfiguration()¶

Return Map:	baudRate – Type: long, Unit: 1 bit/s, Range: [10000 to 1000000], Default: 125000 samplePoint – Type: int, Unit: 1/10 %, Range: [500 to 900], Default: 625 transceiverMode – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 0

Returns the configuration as set by the thing configuration.

The following constants are available for this function:

For transceiverMode:

• val TRANSCEIVER_MODE_NORMAL = 0
• val TRANSCEIVER_MODE_LOOPBACK = 1
• val TRANSCEIVER_MODE_READ_ONLY = 2

Advanced Actions¶

brickletCANV2SetQueueConfiguration(int writeBufferSize, int writeBufferTimeout, int writeBacklogSize, int[] readBufferSizes, int readBacklogSize)¶

Parameters:	writeBufferSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 32], Default: 8 writeBufferTimeout – Type: int, Range: [-1 to 231 - 1], Default: 0 writeBacklogSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 768], Default: 383 readBufferSizes – Type: int[], Length: variable, Range: [-32 to -1, 1 to 32], Default: {16, -8} readBacklogSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 768], Default: 383

Sets the write and read queue configuration.

The CAN transceiver has 32 buffers in total in hardware for transmitting and receiving frames. Additionally, the Bricklet has a backlog for 768 frames in total in software. The buffers and the backlog can be freely assigned to the write and read queues.

WriteFrame() writes a frame into the write backlog. The Bricklet moves the frame from the backlog into a free write buffer. The CAN transceiver then transmits the frame from the write buffer to the CAN bus. If there are no write buffers (write_buffer_size is zero) or there is no write backlog (write_backlog_size is zero) then no frames can be transmitted and WriteFrame() returns always false.

The CAN transceiver receives a frame from the CAN bus and stores it into a free read buffer. The Bricklet moves the frame from the read buffer into the read backlog. ReadFrame() reads the frame from the read backlog and returns it. If there are no read buffers (read_buffer_sizes is empty) or there is no read backlog (read_backlog_size is zero) then no frames can be received and ReadFrame() returns always false.

There can be multiple read buffers, because the CAN transceiver cannot receive data and remote frames into the same read buffer. A positive read buffer size represents a data frame read buffer and a negative read buffer size represents a remote frame read buffer. A read buffer size of zero is not allowed. By default the first read buffer is configured for data frames and the second read buffer is configured for remote frame. There can be up to 32 different read buffers, assuming that no write buffer is used. Each read buffer has its own filter configuration (see SetReadFilterConfiguration()).

A valid queue configuration fulfills these conditions:

write_buffer_size + abs(read_buffer_size_0) + abs(read_buffer_size_1) + ... + abs(read_buffer_size_31) <= 32
write_backlog_size + read_backlog_size <= 768

The write buffer timeout has three different modes that define how a failed frame transmission should be handled:

• Single-Shot (< 0): Only one transmission attempt will be made. If the transmission fails then the frame is discarded.
• Infinite (= 0): Infinite transmission attempts will be made. The frame will never be discarded.
• Milliseconds (> 0): A limited number of transmission attempts will be made. If the frame could not be transmitted successfully after the configured number of milliseconds then the frame is discarded.

The current content of the queues is lost when this function is called.

brickletCANV2GetQueueConfiguration()¶

Return Map:	writeBufferSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 32], Default: 8 writeBufferTimeout – Type: int, Range: [-1 to 231 - 1], Default: 0 writeBacklogSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 768], Default: 383 readBufferSizes – Type: int[], Length: variable, Range: [-32 to -1, 1 to 32], Default: {16, -8} readBacklogSize – Type: int, Range: [0 to 768], Default: 383

Returns the queue configuration as set by SetQueueConfiguration().

brickletCANV2SetReadFilterConfiguration(int bufferIndex, int filterMode, long filterMask, long filterIdentifier)¶

Parameters:	bufferIndex – Type: int, Range: [0 to 31] filterMode – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 0 filterMask – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1] filterIdentifier – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1]

Set the read filter configuration for the given read buffer index. This can be used to define which frames should be received by the CAN transceiver and put into the read buffer.

The read filter has four different modes that define if and how the filter mask and the filter identifier are applied:

• Accept-All: All frames are received.
• Match-Standard-Only: Only standard frames with a matching identifier are received.
• Match-Extended-Only: Only extended frames with a matching identifier are received.
• Match-Standard-And-Extended: Standard and extended frames with a matching identifier are received.

The filter mask and filter identifier are used as bit masks. Their usage depends on the mode:

• Accept-All: Mask and identifier are ignored.
• Match-Standard-Only: Bit 0 to 10 (11 bits) of filter mask and filter identifier are used to match the 11-bit identifier of standard frames.
• Match-Extended-Only: Bit 0 to 28 (29 bits) of filter mask and filter identifier are used to match the 29-bit identifier of extended frames.
• Match-Standard-And-Extended: Bit 18 to 28 (11 bits) of filter mask and filter identifier are used to match the 11-bit identifier of standard frames, bit 0 to 17 (18 bits) are ignored in this case. Bit 0 to 28 (29 bits) of filter mask and filter identifier are used to match the 29-bit identifier of extended frames.

The filter mask and filter identifier are applied in this way: The filter mask is used to select the frame identifier bits that should be compared to the corresponding filter identifier bits. All unselected bits are automatically accepted. All selected bits have to match the filter identifier to be accepted. If all bits for the selected mode are accepted then the frame is accepted and is added to the read buffer.

Filter Mask Bit	Filter Identifier Bit	Frame Identifier Bit	Result
0	X	X	Accept
1	0	0	Accept
1	0	1	Reject
1	1	0	Reject
1	1	1	Accept

For example, to receive standard frames with identifier 0x123 only, the mode can be set to Match-Standard-Only with 0x7FF as mask and 0x123 as identifier. The mask of 0x7FF selects all 11 identifier bits for matching so that the identifier has to be exactly 0x123 to be accepted.

To accept identifier 0x123 and identifier 0x456 at the same time, just set filter 2 to 0x456 and keep mask and filter 1 unchanged.

There can be up to 32 different read filters configured at the same time, because there can be up to 32 read buffer (see SetQueueConfiguration()).

The default mode is accept-all for all read buffers.

The following constants are available for this function:

For filterMode:

• val FILTER_MODE_ACCEPT_ALL = 0
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_STANDARD_ONLY = 1
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_EXTENDED_ONLY = 2
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_STANDARD_AND_EXTENDED = 3

brickletCANV2GetReadFilterConfiguration(int bufferIndex)¶

Parameters:	bufferIndex – Type: int, Range: [0 to 31]
Return Map:	filterMode – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 0 filterMask – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1] filterIdentifier – Type: long, Range: [0 to 230 - 1]

Returns the read filter configuration as set by SetReadFilterConfiguration().

The following constants are available for this function:

For filterMode:

• val FILTER_MODE_ACCEPT_ALL = 0
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_STANDARD_ONLY = 1
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_EXTENDED_ONLY = 2
• val FILTER_MODE_MATCH_STANDARD_AND_EXTENDED = 3

brickletCANV2GetErrorLog()¶

Return Map:

transceiverState – Type: int, Range: See constants transceiverWriteErrorLevel – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] transceiverReadErrorLevel – Type: int, Range: [0 to 255] transceiverStuffingErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] transceiverFormatErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] transceiverACKErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] transceiverBit1ErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] transceiverBit0ErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] transceiverCRCErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] writeBufferTimeoutErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] readBufferOverflowErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] readBufferOverflowErrorOccurred – Type: boolean[], Length: variable readBacklogOverflowErrorCount – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns information about different kinds of errors.

The write and read error levels indicate the current level of stuffing, form, acknowledgement, bit and checksum errors during CAN bus write and read operations. For each of this error kinds there is also an individual counter.

When the write error level extends 255 then the CAN transceiver gets disabled and no frames can be transmitted or received anymore. The CAN transceiver will automatically be activated again after the CAN bus is idle for a while.

The write buffer timeout, read buffer and backlog overflow counts represents the number of these errors:

• A write buffer timeout occurs if a frame could not be transmitted before the configured write buffer timeout expired (see SetQueueConfiguration()).
• A read buffer overflow occurs if a read buffer of the CAN transceiver still contains the last received frame when the next frame arrives. In this case the last received frame is lost. This happens if the CAN transceiver receives more frames than the Bricklet can handle. Using the read filter (see SetReadFilterConfiguration()) can help to reduce the amount of received frames. This count is not exact, but a lower bound, because the Bricklet might not able detect all overflows if they occur in rapid succession.
• A read backlog overflow occurs if the read backlog of the Bricklet is already full when the next frame should be read from a read buffer of the CAN transceiver. In this case the frame in the read buffer is lost. This happens if the CAN transceiver receives more frames to be added to the read backlog than are removed from the read backlog using the ReadFrame() function.

The read buffer overflow counter counts the overflows of all configured read buffers. Which read buffer exactly suffered from an overflow can be figured out from the read buffer overflow occurrence list (read_buffer_overflow_error_occurred). Reading the error log clears the occurence list.

The following constants are available for this function:

For transceiverState:

• val TRANSCEIVER_STATE_ACTIVE = 0
• val TRANSCEIVER_STATE_PASSIVE = 1
• val TRANSCEIVER_STATE_DISABLED = 2

brickletCANV2GetChipTemperature()¶

Return Map:	temperature – Type: int, Unit: 1 °C, Range: [-215 to 215 - 1]

Returns the temperature as measured inside the microcontroller. The value returned is not the ambient temperature!

The temperature is only proportional to the real temperature and it has bad accuracy. Practically it is only useful as an indicator for temperature changes.

brickletCANV2GetStatusLEDConfig()¶

Return Map:	config – Type: int, Range: See constants, Default: 3

Returns the configuration as set by the thing configuration

The following constants are available for this function:

For config:

• val STATUS_LED_CONFIG_OFF = 0
• val STATUS_LED_CONFIG_ON = 1
• val STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_HEARTBEAT = 2
• val STATUS_LED_CONFIG_SHOW_STATUS = 3

brickletCANV2GetSPITFPErrorCount()¶

Return Map:	errorCountAckChecksum – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] errorCountMessageChecksum – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] errorCountFrame – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1] errorCountOverflow – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns the error count for the communication between Brick and Bricklet.

The errors are divided into

• ACK checksum errors,
• message checksum errors,
• framing errors and
• overflow errors.

The errors counts are for errors that occur on the Bricklet side. All Bricks have a similar function that returns the errors on the Brick side.

brickletCANV2Reset()¶

Calling this function will reset the Bricklet. All configurations will be lost.

After a reset you have to create new device objects, calling functions on the existing ones will result in undefined behavior!

brickletCANV2GetIdentity()¶

Return Map:

uid – Type: String, Length: up to 8 connectedUid – Type: String, Length: up to 8 position – Type: char, Range: ['a' to 'h', 'z'] hardwareVersion – Type: short[], Length: 3 0: major – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] 1: minor – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] 2: revision – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] firmwareVersion – Type: short[], Length: 3 0: major – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] 1: minor – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] 2: revision – Type: short, Range: [0 to 255] deviceIdentifier – Type: int, Range: [0 to 216 - 1]

Returns the UID, the UID where the Bricklet is connected to, the position, the hardware and firmware version as well as the device identifier.

The position can be 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g' or 'h' (Bricklet Port). A Bricklet connected to an Isolator Bricklet is always at position 'z'.

The device identifier numbers can be found here. 

Internal Actions¶

brickletCANV2ReadUID()¶

Return Map:	uid – Type: long, Range: [0 to 232 - 1]

Returns the current UID as an integer. Encode as Base58 to get the usual string version.